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本帖最后由 axellaw 于 2014-3-19 20:39 编辑
里面有一个选项叫“Buses contribute to traffic”,我特地查了下User's Guide,是这样介绍的,大概捡重点翻一下,括号里的非原文
Buses contribute to traffic
In the original Maxis traffic simulator, buses did not contribute to traffic congestion; the pathfinder was not tuned tightly enough to make this workable even if it had been desired. Experiments showed that turning this field on in the original simulator would have simply increased the existing traffic congestion without having any significant benefit.在游戏自带的交通模拟器中,公交车不产生交通拥,巴拉巴拉,通过实验表明,在使用自带交通模拟器时打开这个选项除了增加交通拥堵外,没有任何显著的好处。
However, in the NAM traffic simulator, the pathfinder has been tuned so that it is much more intelligent than in the original Maxis traffic simulator, and it is now possible to allow buses to contribute to traffic (just like every other vehicle travel type) without creating any problems. In fact, the traffic simulation as a whole runs much better this way. The reason for this is that in the original Maxis traffic simulator, buses became the travel type of last resort; if congestion on the roads or most rails became too great, the traffic simulator could always cram more Sims into buses and thereby reduce congestion arbitrarily, since all the road networks had an infinite capacity for buses. This was highly unrealistic, and had the Sims at times abandoning faster forms of transport for buses simply to avoid congestion.
巴拉巴拉,NAM的交通模拟器允许公交车产生交通拥堵,事实上这样模拟器可以运行的更好,因为在自带的模拟器中,当交通有很大拥堵时,模拟器令更多的乘客乘坐公交以减少拥堵,道路交通对公交车来说有无限的容量,这很不真实(我的理解是游戏中车辆是没有属性的,也就不存在车辆容量,所以私车都算1人流量,公交车也算1人流量,但可以运载N人,此时公交已经不算是车辆了,而是一种相当于脱离了道路交通的运输方式而已,所以原模拟器的运行机制应该是同一起点同一终点的公交车算1辆车也就是1人的流量或者不算流量,不论乘客多,因此不产生拥堵)
The current NAM traffic simulator avoids this problem by letting buses contribute to traffic. However, buses, like all vehicles in SC4, are really single-passenger vehicles, and so some of their usefulness is lost in that they are now no more efficient than cars at transporting Sims. However, they are still very useful for those Sims who prefer to use mass transit, and even more importantly, they are extremely efficient at ferrying Sims to high speed rapid transit (i.e., the various rail networks) where no parking exists. So although each setting of this property has certain drawbacks, the traffic simulator works better and provides a more accurate traffic simulation when this field is checked, which is its original state..
目前的NAM交通模拟器通过让公交产生交通拥堵来避免上文的问题,然而,(看红色字体,其他不翻译了不是重点),公交和游戏中其他车辆一样,成为真正的单乘客车辆(也就是说自带模拟器中公交还是算1流量的),所以某些好处没有了,现在公交相比自驾车在运送乘客方面没有优势。
However, some people like the way the original Maxis traffic simulator worked, or they just like to have increased use of buses. For these people, this field can be unchecked, and the behavior of the original Maxis traffic simulator will be restored with regard to buses. If this is done, though, the traffic simulation as a whole becomes slightly degraded as a result. The amount of degradation is fairly minimal, though, so as long as it is understood that this happens, unchecking this field should not cause any major problems.
巴拉巴拉
我的理解是,如果勾选了“Buses contribute to traffic”选项,NAM通过调整模拟器,使每辆公交车只乘坐1名乘客来实现产生流量的作用,也就是公交降低拥堵的作用没有了,应该是限于技术的原因,NAM用了一种比较奇葩的办法来实现让公交产生流量,以显得更真实(我倒是觉得原来的设定更真实)。而在安装NAM32后,打开模拟器工具可以看到,这个选项默认是打开的,也就是说,只要装了NAM32,公交原来的作用就没有了,仅仅是作为一种交通工具使用而已。为此,我做了一个实验来验证一下
首先发展一个小城,人口1000左右,工作区和生活区用一条街道相连(容量小,容易做实验)
退出游戏,调整模拟器,打开公交产生流量的开关
进入游戏,查看交通流量和交通拥挤度,可以看到,街道的流量超过了14%,已经很红了,所以其他居民选择步行上班(这么远居然步行)
然后我们用强制公交的办法,让市民强制坐公交
再来查看流量和拥挤度,发现私家车没了,公交流量比上图私家车略低,超过道路容量5%,道路拥挤度橙色
其余人步行说明道路容量超过100%(因为路程设计,步行肯定比乘车通勤长),而每辆公交作为单一乘客时,道路不可能容纳更多公交车,所以其余人只能步行
退出游戏,重新设定模拟器,关闭公交产生流量的选项
进入游戏再看流量,咦,没有步行了。因为总共就2个站点,所以路线只有1条,公交总共算1流量,道路容量未到100%,公交自然能运送更多乘客
再看道路拥挤度,全绿色
按照手册的说法,NAM的模拟器把公交车当成私家车来处理了,也就是1辆公交只坐一个乘客,以此来使公交产生流量,如果说以前公交无流量不真实,那这种方式更不真实。将公交作为单乘客车辆应该是通过调整某些系数来实现的,如果能够更好的调整这些系数,使得公交能够按照百分比产生流量,将更接近真实,1车1人相当于公交产生100%流量,按照现实世界,假设1辆公交车坐10~50人,应该调整到公交产生10%(对应10人一车,就是10分之一流量)到2%(对应50人一车,就是50分之一流量)的流量,应该更接近真实,但我想是因为技术上的原因,NAM的开发小组目前还无法实现,所以只能一道切了。
所以,安装了NAM32的朋友,如果要使用公交来降低道路拥堵,请同时安装Traffic Simulatro Configurat Tool,关掉Buses contribute to traffic选项,否则公交车等于私家车。
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